Showing posts with label parametric maths integration differentiation substitution area under the curve. Show all posts
Showing posts with label parametric maths integration differentiation substitution area under the curve. Show all posts

Tuesday, 26 April 2011

Parametric Equations

This one will be a short post, it's mostly intuition as opposed to a definite proof.

So I was musing over finding the area under a parametric curve. And I considered how we'd usually find the area under a curve, integration. Which in 2D with an x and y axis can be expressed generally as:
\[ \int_a^b y \ \mathrm{d}x\]
Parametric equations define a curve in terms of a parameter, usually t. So let's consider an arbitrary set of parametric equations:
\[\begin{align*} x=x(t) \\ y = y(t) \end{align*} \]
So to change the dx to a dt to allow integration one must differentiate x with respect to t and solve for dx.
\[ \begin{align*} x &= x(t) \\ \frac{\mathrm{d}x}{\mathrm{d}t} &=x'(t)\\ \mathrm{d}x &= x'(t) \mathrm{d}t \end{align*}\]
The value for dx must then be substituted back into the original expression.
\[\int_a^b y(t)x'(t) \ \mathrm{d}t\]
And that's it, how to find the area under a curve defined by a parametric equation.